Integration of Alloys into the Fabrication Space

In the dynamic landscape of construction, innovation is the driving force behind progress. From towering skyscrapers to expansive petrochemical facilities, the materials of construction that we choose to build with shape not only the physical structures but also the very essence of the construction environment. In recent years, industry has seen an uptick in the utilization of alloys with LNG, Hydrogen and carbon capture becoming mainstream, construction materials must be selected to properly support the operating parameters. These materials not only challenge some of the most experienced trades people when joining them, but they also push inspection methods to their limits.

Cryogenic Materials

While cryogenic applications are becoming more relevant, so is the utilization of austenitic stainless steels. Its coarse-grained structure and superior notch toughness at lower temperatures coupled with the weldability of 300 series stainless steels are generally the go to choice for sub zero applications.

However, the utilization of austenitic stainless steel brings forth a unique set of considerations in the fabrication and inspection processes. Traditional inspection techniques such as shear wave ultrasonics, and even radiography may encounter challenges due to the inherent coarse-grained structures exhibited by austenitic materials. By leveraging advanced inspection techniques and tailored procedures, we can obtain the quality inspections required. There are a multitude of inspection techniques ranging from digital radiography to combinations of advanced ultrasonics; there is no one turnkey solution when conducting integrity inspections.

Navigating Complexities in Fabrication

While the benefits of coarse-grained materials like austenitic stainless steel are undeniable, their integration into fabrication processes presents new challenges for industry professionals. Generally speaking 300 series stainless is relatively easy to weld, attention to detail is essential. A robust material management and quality control plan should be the cornerstone to any project utilizing alloyed materials. While this post primarily references the cryogenic space where corrosion is not of major concern, stainless steels are often used for their corrosion resistance. Due to the welding process, sensitization is often of concern leading to preferential attack of precipitated carbides. While this can be overcome with post weld solution annealing, this may not always be practicable, therefore selection of a “low carbon” alloy is favourable. When selecting a low C alloy, verification of alloying elements in parent and weld material can provide an idea if sensitization may be of concern.

Furthermore, the introduction of different alloys within the construction market space introduces additional complexities in fabrication. Each alloy possesses unique metallurgical properties and welding characteristics, necessitating specialized expertise and equipment. From duplex stainless steels to high-strength low-alloy (HSLA) steels, fabricators must adapt to varying material requirements and specifications to meet project objectives effectively.

Chemical Considerations in Construction

Beyond fabrication and inspection, the selection of chemicals used during the construction phase plays a pivotal role in ensuring the longevity and performance of structures built with new materials. Materials such as 300 series stainless steel require careful consideration when choosing protective coatings, corrosion inhibitors, cleaning agents, hydro test medium and NDE chemicals. Chemical compatibility and environmental factors all play a pivotal role in the mitigation of risk and to maintain integrity over the life-cycle of the asset.

Embracing the Future of Construction

As the construction industry continues to evolve, the adoption of new materials presents both challenges and opportunities for innovation. By embracing advanced fabrication techniques, leveraging cutting-edge inspection methodologies, and prioritizing stringent material selection, industry professionals can navigate the complexities of working with alloys and other novel materials effectively.

Through collaboration, adaptation, and a commitment to excellence, Nortech Advanced NDT can provide you with the confidence you need for the overall execution of your QA/QC program. Our Services ensure fabrication is within acceptable limit to allow a sustainable future for generations to come.